Nazım Hikmet Poems: 10 Essential Poems, What They Mean & Where to Read Them
Ten essential Nazım Hikmet poems, from Seni Düşünmek to The Walnut Tree: read them in Turkish with our English, where he wrote them and the best English editions.

Nazım Hikmet (1902–1963) wrote some of the best-known love poems in modern Turkish from a prison cell, and one of its best-loved poems about home from exile. Here are ten poems to start with: eight of them in full with our English, where he wrote them, and the English books worth buying.
The short version
Ten poems first, then the epic.
- Start with: Seni Düşünmek, Yaşamaya Dair (On Living) and Ceviz Ağacı (The Walnut Tree).
- In English: Poems of Nazim Hikmet, translated by Randy Blasing and Mutlu Konuk (Persea Books).
- His life in one line: born in Thessaloniki in 1902, in prison 1938–1950, in exile from 1951, died in Moscow in 1963.
- Careful: many “Nazım Hikmet quotes” online are rewrites. Check a printed book.
- Read them whole: eight of the poems in full below, in Turkish with our English line by line.
The poems, in full
Open a poem to read it whole. Each stanza gives the Turkish as he set it on the page, then our English, line by line. We kept the translations close to the Turkish rather than making them rhyme, so you can follow one with the other.
1930Kerem Gibi Like Kerem
Hava kurşun gibi ağır!!Bağırbağırbağırbağırıyorum.Koşunkurşunerit--meğeçağırıyorum…The air is heavy as lead!!I shoutshoutshoutI am shouting.Run,come meltthelead,I am calling…
O diyor ki bana:– Sen kendi sesinle kül olursun ey!Keremgibiyanayana…“Deeeertçok,hemdertyok”Yürek--lerinkulak--larısağır…Hava kurşun gibi ağır…He says to me:– You’ll burn to ashes with your own voice, hey!likeKerem,burningand burning…“Sooorrowsmany,someone to share themnone”The earsofthe heartsaredeaf…The air is heavy as lead…
Ben diyorum ki ona:– Kül olayımKeremgibiyanayana.Ben yanmasamsen yanmasanbiz yanmasak,nasılçıkarkaran--lıklaraydın--lığa…I say to him:– Let me burn to asheslikeKerem,burningand burning.If I don’t burn,if you don’t burn,if we don’t burn,howwillthe dark--nessturn tolight…
Hava toprak gibi gebe.Hava kurşun gibi ağır.Bağırbağırbağırbağırıyorum.Koşunkurşunerit--meğeçağırıyorum…The air is pregnant like the earth.The air is heavy as lead.I shoutshoutshoutI am shouting.Run,come meltthelead,I am calling…
1932Mavi Gözlü Dev, Minnacık Kadın ve Hanımelleri The Blue-Eyed Giant, the Tiny Woman and the Honeysuckle
O mavi gözlü bir devdi.Minnacık bir kadın sevdi.Kadının hayali minnacık bir evdi,bahçesinde ebrulihanımeliaçan bir ev.He was a blue-eyed giant.He loved a tiny woman.The woman’s dream was a tiny house,a house where marbledhoneysuckleblooms in the garden.
Bir dev gibi seviyordu dev.Ve elleri öyle büyük işler içinhazırlanmıştı ki devin,yapamazdı yapısını,çalamazdı kapısınıbahçesinde ebrulihanımeliaçan evin.The giant loved like a giant.And the giant’s hands were madefor work so greathe could not build the building,could not knock at the doorof the house where marbledhoneysuckleblooms in the garden.
O mavi gözlü bir devdi.Minnacık bir kadın sevdi.Mini minnacıktı kadın.Rahata acıktı kadınyoruldu devin büyük yolunda.Ve elveda! deyip mavi gözlü deve,girdi zengin bir cücenin kolundabahçesinde ebrulihanımeliaçan eve.He was a blue-eyed giant.He loved a tiny woman.The woman was teeny-tiny.The woman hungered for comfort,grew tired on the giant’s great road.And saying “Farewell!” to the blue-eyed giant,she went, on the arm of a rich dwarf,into the house where marbledhoneysuckleblooms in the garden.
Şimdi anlıyor ki mavi gözlü dev,dev gibi sevgilere mezar bile olamaz:bahçesinde ebrulihanımeliaçan ev…Now the blue-eyed giant understandsthat it cannot even be a grave for loves as big as a giant’s:the house where marbledhoneysuckleblooms in the garden…
Bursa prison, 1945Seni Düşünmek Thinking of You
Seni düşünmek güzel şey,ümitli şey,dünyanın en güzel sesindenen güzel şarkıyı dinlemek gibi birşey…Fakat artık ümit yetmiyor bana,ben artık şarkı dinlemek değil,şarkı söylemek istiyorum…Thinking of you is a lovely thing,a hopeful thing,something like hearing, from the loveliest voice in the world,the loveliest song…But hope is no longer enough for me,I no longer want to listen to songs,I want to sing them…
Bursa prison, 1947–48Yaşamaya Dair On Living
1
Yaşamak şakaya gelmez,büyük bir ciddiyetle yaşayacaksınbir sincap gibi mesela,yani, yaşamanın dışında ve ötesinde hiçbir şey beklemeden,yani bütün işin gücün yaşamak olacak.Living is no joke,you must live with great seriousnesslike a squirrel, for example,I mean, expecting nothing outside and beyond living,I mean, living will be your whole work.
Yaşamayı ciddiye alacaksın,yani o derecede, öylesine ki,mesela, kolların bağlı arkadan, sırtın duvarda,yahut kocaman gözlüklerin,beyaz gömleğinle bir laboratuvardainsanlar için ölebileceksin,hem de yüzünü bile görmediğin insanlar için,hem de hiç kimse seni buna zorlamamışken,hem de en güzel en gerçek şeyinyaşamak olduğunu bildiğin halde.You must take living seriously,I mean so seriously, to such a degree that,for example, your arms tied behind you, your back to the wall,or in your big glasses,in your white coat in a laboratory,you can die for people,even for people whose faces you have never seen,even though no one forced you to,even though you know the loveliest, truest thingis living.
Yani, öylesine ciddiye alacaksın ki yaşamayı,yetmişinde bile, mesela, zeytin dikeceksin,hem de öyle çocuklara falan kalır diye değil,ölmekten korktuğun halde ölüme inanmadığın için,yaşamak yanı ağır bastığından.I mean, you must take living so seriouslythat even at seventy, for example, you will plant olive trees,and not so they will be left to the children or anything,but because, though you fear death, you do not believe in it,because the side of living weighs more.
2
Diyelim ki, ağır ameliyatlık hastayız,yani, beyaz masadan,bir daha kalkmamak ihtimali de var.Duymamak mümkün değilse de biraz erken gitmenin kederinibiz yine de güleceğiz anlatılan Bektaşi fıkrasına,hava yağmurlu mu, diye bakacağız pencereden,yahut da sabırsızlıkla bekleyeceğizen son ajans haberlerini.Let’s say we are seriously ill and need surgery,I mean, from the white tablewe may never get up again.Though we can’t help feeling the sorrow of leaving a little early,we will still laugh at the Bektashi joke someone tells,we will look out of the window to see if it is raining,or wait impatientlyfor the latest news bulletin.
Diyelim ki, dövüşülmeye değer bir şeyler için,diyelim ki, cephedeyiz.Daha orda ilk hücumda, daha o günyüzükoyun kapaklanıp ölmek de mümkün.Tuhaf bir hınçla bileceğiz bunu,fakat yine de çıldırasıya merak edeceğizbelki yıllarca sürecek olan savaşın sonunu.Let’s say, for something worth fighting for,let’s say we are at the front.There, in the very first attack, that very day,we may fall face down and die.We will know this with a strange anger,but we will still wonder madlyhow the war will end, a war that may last for years.
Diyelim ki hapisteyiz,yaşımız da elliye yakın,daha da on sekiz sene olsun açılmasına demir kapının.Yine de dışarıyla birlikte yaşayacağız,insanları, hayvanları, kavgası ve rüzgarıylayani, duvarın ardındaki dışarıyla.Let’s say we are in prison,and close to fifty,and eighteen more years before the iron door opens.We will still live with the outside,with its people, its animals, its struggle and its wind,I mean, with the outside beyond the wall.
Yani, nasıl ve nerede olursak olalımhiç ölünmeyecekmiş gibi yaşanacak…I mean, however and wherever we are,we must live as if we will never die…
3
Bu dünya soğuyacak,yıldızların arasında bir yıldız,hem de en ufacıklarından,mavi kadifede bir yaldız zerresi yani,yani bu koskocaman dünyamız.This world will grow cold,a star among the stars,and one of the smallest,a speck of gilt on blue velvet, I mean,I mean this great big world of ours.
Bu dünya soğuyacak günün birinde,hatta bir buz yığınıyahut ölü bir bulut gibi de değil,boş bir ceviz gibi yuvarlanacakzifiri karanlıkta uçsuz bucaksız.This world will grow cold one day,not even like a heap of iceor a dead cloud,it will roll like an empty walnutthrough the pitch dark, without end.
Şimdiden çekilecek acısı bunun,duyulacak mahzunluğu şimdiden.Böylesine sevilecek bu dünya“Yaşadım” diyebilmen için…Its pain must be felt now,its sorrow felt from now.This world must be loved this muchfor you to be able to say “I lived”…
1956Kız Çocuğu Little Girl
Kapıları çalan benimkapıları birer birer.Gözünüze görünememgöze görünmez ölüler.It is I who knock at the doors,at the doors, one by one.I cannot appear before your eyes,the dead are not seen by the eye.
Hiroşima’da ölelioluyor bir on yıl kadar.Yedi yaşında bir kızım,büyümez ölü çocuklar.Since I died in Hiroshimait has been ten years or so.I am a girl of seven,dead children do not grow.
Saçlarım tutuştu önce,gözlerim yandı kavruldu.Bir avuç kül oluverdim,külüm havaya savruldu.First my hair caught fire,my eyes burned and scorched.I became a handful of ash,my ash was scattered in the air.
Benim sizden kendim içinhiçbir şey istediğim yok.Şeker bile yiyemez kikağıt gibi yanan çocuk.For myself I do not wantanything from you.Why, it cannot even eat sweets,a child who burned like paper.
Çalıyorum kapınızı,teyze, amca, bir imza ver.Çocuklar öldürülmesinşeker de yiyebilsinler.I knock at your door,auntie, uncle, give me your signature.Let children not be killedand let them eat sweets too.
Balçık, 1957Ceviz Ağacı The Walnut Tree
Başım köpük köpük bulut, içim dışım deniz,Ben bir ceviz ağacıyım Gülhane Parkı’nda,Budak budak, şerham şerham ihtiyar bir ceviz.Ne sen bunun farkındasın, ne polis farkında.My head is foaming cloud, the sea inside me and out,I am a walnut tree in Gülhane Park,knotted all over, scarred all over, an old walnut tree.You don’t notice it, and neither do the police.
Ben bir ceviz ağacıyım Gülhane Parkı’nda.Yapraklarım suda balık gibi kıvıl kıvıl.Yapraklarım ipek mendil gibi tiril tiril,Koparıver, gözlerinin, gülüm, yaşını sil.Yapraklarım ellerimdir, tam yüz bin elim var.Yüz bin elle dokunurum sana, İstanbul’a.Yapraklarım gözlerimdir, şaşarak bakarım.Yüz bin gözle seyrederim seni, İstanbul’u.Yüz bin yürek gibi çarpar, çarpar yapraklarım.I am a walnut tree in Gülhane Park.My leaves flicker like fish in water.My leaves shimmer like a silk handkerchief,pluck one, my rose, and wipe the tears from your eyes.My leaves are my hands, I have a full hundred thousand hands.With a hundred thousand hands I touch you, and Istanbul.My leaves are my eyes, I look on in wonder.With a hundred thousand eyes I watch you, and Istanbul.My leaves beat, beat like a hundred thousand hearts.
Ben bir ceviz ağacıyım Gülhane Parkı’nda.Ne sen bunun farkındasın, ne polis farkında.I am a walnut tree in Gülhane Park.You don’t notice it, and neither do the police.
East Berlin, 1961Otobiyografi Autobiography
1902’de doğdumdoğduğum şehre dönmedim bir dahageriye dönmeyi sevmemüç yaşımda Halep’te paşa torunluğu ettimon dokuzumda Moskova’da komünist Üniversite öğrenciliğikırk dokuzumda yine Moskova’da Tseka-Parti konukluğuve on dördümden beri şairlik ederimI was born in 1902I never went back to the city where I was bornI don’t like going backat three I was a pasha’s grandson in Aleppoat nineteen a student at the Communist University in Moscowat forty-nine back in Moscow as the Central Committee’s guestand since fourteen I have worked as a poet
kimi insan otların kimi insan balıkların çeşidini bilirben ayrılıklarınkimi insan ezbere sayar yıldızların adınıben hasretlerinsome people know all the kinds of grass, some all the kinds of fishI know the kinds of partingssome people can name the stars by heartI can name longings
hapislerde de yattım büyük otellerde deaçlık çektim açlık grevi de içinde ve tatmadığım yemek yok gibidirI have lain in prisons and in grand hotelsI have gone hungry, a hunger strike too, and there is hardly a dish I haven’t tasted
otuzumda asılmamı istedilerkırk sekizimde Barış madalyasının bana verilmesiniverdiler deotuz altımda yarım yılda geçtim dört metre kare betonuelli dokuzumda on sekiz saatta uçtum Pırağ’dan Havana’yaat thirty they wanted me hangedat forty-eight they wanted me given the Peace medaland they gave itat thirty-six I crossed four square metres of concrete in half a yearat fifty-nine I flew from Prague to Havana in eighteen hours
Lenin’i görmedim nöbet tuttum tabutunun başında 924’de961’de ziyaret ettiğim anıtkabri kitaplarıdırI never saw Lenin, I stood guard at his coffin in ’24in ’61 the tomb I visited was his books
partimden koparmağa yeltendiler benisökmediyıkılan putların altında da ezilmedimthey tried to tear me away from my partyit didn’t worknor was I crushed under the idols that fell
951’de bir denizde genç bir arkadaşla yürüdüm üstüne ölümün52’de çatlak bir yürekle dört ay sırtüstü bekledim ölümüin ’51, at sea, with a young friend, I walked straight at deathin ’52, with a cracked heart, I lay on my back four months waiting for death
sevdiğim kadınları deli gibi kıskandımşu kadarcık haset etmedim Şarlo’ya bilealdattım kadınlarımıkonuşmadım arkasından dostlarımınI was madly jealous of the women I lovedI didn’t envy anyone this much, not even Charlie ChaplinI cheated on my womenI never talked behind my friends’ backs
içtim ama akşamcı olmadımhep alnımın teriyle çıkardım ekmek paramı ne mutlu banaI drank but never became a nightly drinkerI always earned my bread by the sweat of my brow, lucky me
başkasının hesabına utandım yalan söyledimyalan söyledim başkasını üzmemek içinama durup dururken de yalan söyledimI was ashamed for others, I liedI lied so as not to hurt someone elsebut I also lied for no reason at all
bindim tirene uçağa otomobileçoğunluk binemiyoroperaya gittimçoğunluk gidemiyor adını bile duymamış operanınçoğunluğun gittiği kimi yerlere de ben gitmedim 21’den bericamiye kiliseye tapınağa havraya büyücüyeama kahve falıma baktırdığım olduI rode trains, planes, carsmost people can’tI went to the operamost people can’t, they haven’t even heard of the operaand since ’21 I haven’t gone to some places most people gomosque, church, temple, synagogue, sorcererbut I have had my coffee grounds read
yazılarım otuz kırk dilde basılırTürkiye’mde Türkçemle yasakmy writings are printed in thirty or forty languagesin my Turkey, in my Turkish, they are banned
kansere yakalanmadım dahayakalanmam da şart değilbaşbakan filân olacağım yokmeraklısı da değilim bu işinbir de harbe girmedimsığınaklara da inmedim gece yarılarıyollara da düşmedim pike yapan uçakların altındaama sevdalandım altmışıma yakınsözün kısası yoldaşlarbugün Berlin’de kederden gebermekte olsam dainsanca yaşadım diyebilirimve daha ne kadar yaşarımbaşımdan neler geçer dahakim bilir.I haven’t caught cancer yetand there’s no rule that I mustI’m not about to become prime minister or anythingand I’m not keen on the joband I never went to warnever went down into shelters at midnightnever took to the roads under diving planesbut I fell in love when I was nearly sixtyin short, comradeseven if today in Berlin I am dying of griefI can say I have lived like a human beingand how much longer I’ll livewhat else will happen to mewho knows.
1962Vatan Haini Traitor
“Nâzım Hikmet vatan hainliğine devam ediyor hâlâ.Amerikan emperyalizminin yarı sömürgesiyiz, dedi Hikmet.Nâzım Hikmet vatan hainliğine devam ediyor hâlâ.”Bir Ankara gazetesinde çıktı bunlar, üç sütun üstüne, kapkara haykıran puntolarla,bir Ankara gazetesinde, fotoğrafı yanında Amiral Vilyamson’un66 santimetre karede gülüyor, ağzı kulaklarında, Amerikan amiraliAmerika, bütçemize 120 milyon lira hibe etti, 120 milyon lira.“Amerikan emperyalizminin yarı sömürgesiyiz, dedi HikmetNâzım Hikmet vatan hainliğine devam ediyor hâlâ.”“Nâzım Hikmet is still carrying on with his treason.We are a semi-colony of American imperialism, said Hikmet.Nâzım Hikmet is still carrying on with his treason.”This appeared in an Ankara newspaper, across three columns, in screaming jet-black type,in an Ankara newspaper, next to a photo of Admiral Williamsonsmiling in 66 square centimetres, grinning ear to ear, the American admiralAmerica has granted our budget 120 million lira, 120 million lira.“We are a semi-colony of American imperialism, said HikmetNâzım Hikmet is still carrying on with his treason.”
Evet, vatan hainiyim, siz vatanperverseniz, siz yurtseverseniz, ben yurthainiyim, ben vatan hainiyim.Vatan çiftliklerinizse,kasalarınızın ve çek defterlerinizin içindekilerse vatan,vatan, şose boylarında gebermekse açlıktan,vatan, soğukta it gibi titremek ve sıtmadan kıvranmaksa yazın,fabrikalarınızda al kanımızı içmekse vatan,vatan tırnaklarıysa ağalarınızın,vatan, mızraklı ilmühalse, vatan, polis copuysa,ödeneklerinizse, maaşlarınızsa vatan,vatan, Amerikan üsleri, Amerikan bombası, Amerikan donanması topuysa,vatan, kurtulmamaksa kokmuş karanlığımızdan,ben vatan hainiyim.Yazın üç sütun üstüne kapkara haykıran puntolarla :Nâzım Hikmet vatan hainliğine devam ediyor hâlâ.Yes, I am a traitor, if you are patriots, if you are lovers of the homeland, I am a traitor tothe homeland, I am a traitor.If the homeland is your farms,if the homeland is what is in your safes and your chequebooks,if the homeland is dying of hunger along the highways,if the homeland is shivering like a dog in the cold and writhing with malaria in summer,if the homeland is drinking our red blood in your factories,if the homeland is the claws of your landlords,if the homeland is the catechism with spears, if the homeland is the police baton,if the homeland is your allowances and your salaries,if the homeland is American bases, the American bomb, the guns of the American navy,if the homeland is never escaping our stinking darkness,I am a traitor.Write it across three columns in screaming jet-black type:Nâzım Hikmet is still carrying on with his treason.
Where he wrote them
His life crossed one sea again and again. Follow it on the map, from the city where he was born to the city where he died.

- 1902 · ThessalonikiHe was born on 15 January 1902 in Selanik, then an Ottoman city and today Thessaloniki in Greece. He never went back.
- 1915–1921 · Istanbul and AnatoliaNaval school on Heybeliada, one of the Princes’ Islands, until poor health ended his navy career. In 1921 he crossed to Anatolia to join the National Struggle and taught school in Bolu.
- 1922–1924 · MoscowHe studied at the Communist University of the Toilers of the East and met the new free verse of revolutionary Russia. He came back writing like no one in Turkish before him.
- 1928–1938 · IstanbulHe slipped back into Turkey on a false passport in 1928 and was arrested at the border. His books still came out, starting with 835 Satır in 1929. So did the trials.
- 1938–1950 · Istanbul, Çankırı, BursaIn 1938 military courts gave him long sentences. He moved from Istanbul to Çankırı to Bursa prison and wrote his best love poems and his epic there.
- 1951 · Black SeaA year after his release he left Istanbul by motorboat on 17 June 1951 and reached Moscow by way of Romania.
- 1957 · Balçık, BulgariaOn the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria, facing toward home, he dated The Walnut Tree 1 July 1957.
- 1963 · MoscowHe died of a heart attack in Moscow on 3 June 1963, aged 61, and lies in Novodevichy Cemetery.
Twelve years inside: love from a cell
In 1938 two military courts sentenced him to 15 and then 20 more years for inciting cadets to revolt; the total was later cut to 28 years and 4 months. He was moved from Istanbul to Çankırı in 1940 and to Bursa prison that December. Bursa is where most of the poems people quote today were written.

He wrote to and for his wife Piraye, whom he had married in 1935. Seni Düşünmek is dated 30 September 1945. Yaşamaya Dair followed in 1947–48: life is serious, it says, even if you are in prison and nearly fifty. In May 1949 came the advice poem for anyone facing a long sentence.
Prison gave him time, and he used it for poems about not wasting time.
Writers and artists abroad campaigned for his release from 1949. On 8 April 1950 he began a hunger strike. He walked out on 15 July 1950 under a general amnesty, after more than twelve years. That November the World Peace Council gave him its peace prize; Pablo Neruda accepted it for him.
The Walnut Tree and other myths
Ceviz Ağacı opens with his head as foaming cloud and the sea inside and out, and becomes a walnut tree in Gülhane Park, by Topkapı Palace, that no one notices. It is his best-loved homeland poem, and the one with the most stories attached. Tap a card to check them.
“He wrote The Walnut Tree while hiding from the police in Gülhane Park.”
No. The poem is dated 1 July 1957, Balçık, Bulgaria, six years into his exile. Gülhane is where he imagines himself, not where he sat. teyit.org traced the hiding story and found nothing behind it.
“He was born in Istanbul.”
He was born in Selanik, today Thessaloniki in Greece, on 15 January 1902. His Autobiography says he never returned to the city where he was born.
“He is buried in Turkey.”
His grave is in Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow, where he died in 1963. The grave is still there.
The real Gülhane Park is worth the walk anyway: it runs downhill from Topkapı Palace toward the water, and its old trees shade the paths.
1951: the boat and the passport
Free again, he left on 17 June 1951. A small motorboat took him out of the Bosphorus into the Black Sea; from there he travelled by way of Romania to Moscow. He left behind his son Mehmet, born that March, and the boy’s mother, Münevver.

He spent his last twelve years based in Moscow and travelling widely, and he kept writing about Turkey: Ceviz Ağacı in Bulgaria, Otobiyografi in East Berlin, and Vatan Haini in reply to a newspaper that called him a traitor.
Citizenship
1951 → 2009
The Council of Ministers took away his Turkish citizenship on 25 July 1951. A Cabinet decision of 5 January 2009, published in the state gazette on 10 January, gave it back, 46 years after his death.
The long works, for later
Once the short poems have hooked you, these are the big ones. Two were written in prison, including his longest work.
Memleketimden İnsan Manzaraları
Human Landscapes from My Country: a train journey across Turkey in the war years, told through hundreds of ordinary people. Written in prison.
Kuvâyi Milliye
The National Forces: the War of Independence told from below, by villagers, carters and soldiers rather than generals. Also written in prison.
Şeyh Bedreddin Destanı
The Epic of Sheikh Bedreddin (1936): a 15th-century rebel, his followers and their defeat. His last book printed in Turkey in his lifetime.
Read him in English
Randy Blasing and Mutlu Konuk translated both Persea editions. Start with the selected poems, then the epic above, in the same team’s translation (foreword by Edward Hirsch); add a biography when you want the story behind them.
Poems of Nazim Hikmet
Translated by Randy Blasing and Mutlu Konuk, with a foreword by Carolyn Forché. The revised and expanded second edition is the best single-volume selection in English.
Nâzım Hikmet: The Life and Times of Turkey’s World Poet
A biography by Mutlu Konuk Blasing, one of his translators (2013).
Romantic Communist
Romantic Communist: The Life and Work of Nazım Hikmet by Saime Göksu and Edward Timms (1999). The phrase is the book’s title, not an old nickname.
For older Turkish poetry in plain language, see our guide to Yunus Emre’s poems. For a writer who also joined the National Struggle in Anatolia, read about Halide Edip Adıvar.
Questions readers ask
What is Nazım Hikmet’s most famous poem?
There is no single answer. In Turkey, Ceviz Ağacı (The Walnut Tree), Seni Düşünmek and Yaşamaya Dair (On Living) are among the most quoted.
Why was he in prison?
In 1938 military courts convicted him of inciting army and navy cadets to revolt. The main evidence was that cadets read his poems. He served more than twelve years, from 1938 to 1950, and was freed in an amnesty after a hunger strike and a campaign by writers abroad.
Was he still a Turkish citizen when he died?
No. The government stripped his citizenship on 25 July 1951, weeks after he left. A Cabinet decision of 5 January 2009, published in the state gazette on 10 January 2009, gave it back, 46 years after his death.
Where is he buried?
In Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow. He died there on 3 June 1963, aged 61.
Who was Piraye?
His wife from 1935 and the woman many of his prison love poems speak to, including Seni Düşünmek. His other partners were Nüzhet, Lena Yurchenko, Münevver, the mother of his son Mehmet (born 1951), and Vera Tulyakova in his last years.
Can I read the whole poems in Turkish?
Yes. Eight of the ten are printed in full on this page, each with our English line by line. Many versions online have errors, so check others against a printed collection.
Sources
Dates of the poems follow the dates printed under them in his collected works. Where sources disagree on a poem’s date, we left that poem out. The English translations of the poems are our own, made line by line from the Turkish. We dropped claims we could not confirm, including the Gülhane hiding story and several quotes that circulate online under his name.
- Nâzım Hikmet: biography — Nâzım Hikmet Culture and Art Foundation, checked 9–10 October 2026
- Nâzım Hikmet — Turkish Wikipedia, with its cited court, prison and gazette dates, checked 9–10 October 2026
- Nâzım Hikmet şiirleri listesi (list of poems with dates) — Turkish Wikipedia, checked 9–10 October 2026
- Nazım Hikmet ve Ceviz Ağacı şiiri iddiası — teyit.org fact check, checked 9–10 October 2026
- Poems of Nazim Hikmet, tr. Randy Blasing and Mutlu Konuk — Persea Books, checked 9–10 October 2026
- Human Landscapes from My Country — Persea Books, checked 9–10 October 2026
- Mutlu Konuk Blasing — Academy of American Poets, checked 9–10 October 2026
- Romantic Communist: The Life and Work of Nazım Hikmet — Hurst Publishers, checked 9–10 October 2026
- Nazim Hikmet — Academy of American Poets, checked 9–10 October 2026
Illustrations drawn for this guide. They do not show Nazım Hikmet or any real person.





