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Biggest companies in Turkey: the three lists for 2025

Who leads in industry (İSO 500), in sales (Fortune 500 Türkiye) and in exports (TİM), which of their brands you know in the UK, and who owns them.

ByHatice Kulali
24 min read Updated: October 16, 2026
Summarize with:
Illustration: skyscrapers in Istanbul’s business district overlooking the Bosphorus, a mosque with minarets, a suspension bridge, a ferry and a container ship on the water, and a Turkish flag on the waterfront
Illustration: Istanbul, the Bosphorus and corporate skyscrapers.

Turkey’s biggest companies include the oil refiner Tüpraş, the Ford, Renault and Toyota car factories, the home appliance maker Arçelik (which owns Beko), Turkish Airlines and EPİAŞ, which runs energy markets. Which is the “biggest” depends on the list: İSO 500 measures sales from industrial production, Fortune 500 Türkiye measures net sales across all sectors except finance, and TİM measures exports. All three lists cover 2025.

At a glance · checked 16 October 2026

Three lists, three leaders.

  • Industry (İSO 500): Tüpraş, TL 698.8 billion in sales from industrial production.
  • Net sales (Fortune 500 Türkiye): EPİAŞ, TL 1,045.1 billion.
  • Exports (TİM): Turkish Airlines, $17.78 billion.
  • In all three top tens: only Tüpraş and Ford Otosan.
  • Don’t compare lira amounts across lists: each measures something different. We compare places only.

Threads between the lists: who ranks where

Each of the three lists measures something different and leaves out some companies, so the same firm can top one list and be absent from another. Take the top ten on each list: together they make 22 companies, as most appear in just one top ten. Each thread connects the same company’s places. Places 1 to 10 are evenly spaced, 11 to 100 use a compressed scale, and companies absent from a list sit at the bottom. Choose a company to see its places, figures and reasons for being absent.

Three lists for 2025 · comparing places, not amounts

Threads: one company across three lists

  1. Tüpraş İSO 1 · Fortune 4 · TİM 7

    Tüpraş

    Oil refineries in İzmit, İzmir, Kırıkkale and Batman. Source

    İSO 500
    1st TL 698.8bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    4th TL 830.4bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    7th $2.71bn in exports

    Stock exchange: BIST: TUPRS

  2. Ford Otosan (Ford Otomotiv Sanayi) İSO 2 · Fortune 3 · TİM 2

    Ford Otosan (Ford Otomotiv Sanayi)

    Vehicle factories; according to the company, Ford Motor Company owns 41%, Koç Holding 41%, and 18% is in free float. Source

    İSO 500
    2nd TL 538.3bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    3rd TL 830.8bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    2nd $11.35bn in exports

    Stock exchange: BIST: FROTO

  3. STAR Rafineri İSO 3 · Fortune 14 · TİM 10

    STAR Rafineri

    An oil refinery; the company says it processes up to 12 million tonnes of crude oil a year. Source

    İSO 500
    3rd TL 327.9bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    14th TL 330.3bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    10th $2.29bn in exports
  4. Oyak-Renault İSO 4 · Fortune – · TİM 15

    Oyak-Renault

    A car factory in Bursa, operating since 1969. Source

    İSO 500
    4th TL 235.5bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    – Not listed. Fortune says it excludes some well-known companies: those that did not provide complete data and subsidiaries included in their parent company’s results. For a manufacturer–distributor pair, it includes only the one with higher sales.
    TİM 1000
    15th $1.87bn in exports
  5. Toyota Otomotiv Sanayi Türkiye İSO 5 · Fortune – · TİM 3

    Toyota Otomotiv Sanayi Türkiye

    Toyota’s factory in Arifiye (Sakarya province): Corolla and Toyota C-HR. Source

    İSO 500
    5th TL 206.3bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    – Not listed. Fortune says it excludes some well-known companies: those that did not provide complete data and subsidiaries included in their parent company’s results. For a manufacturer–distributor pair, it includes only the one with higher sales.
    TİM 1000
    3rd $3.91bn in exports
  6. Arçelik İSO 6 · Fortune 8 · TİM 12

    Arçelik

    Home appliances: 22 brands that the company owns or uses under licence, including Beko, Grundig and the Polish brand Polar. Source

    İSO 500
    6th TL 165.7bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    8th TL 523.9bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    12th $2.03bn in exports

    Stock exchange: BIST: ARCLK

  7. TUSAŞ (Türk Havacılık ve Uzay Sanayii) İSO 7 · Fortune 33 · TİM 24

    TUSAŞ (Türk Havacılık ve Uzay Sanayii)

    Aerospace company founded in 1973. Source

    İSO 500
    7th TL 140.9bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    33rd TL 150.9bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    24th $1.03bn in exports
  8. TPAO (Türkiye Petrolleri) İSO 8 · Fortune 29 · TİM –

    TPAO (Türkiye Petrolleri)

    Founded in 1954 to explore for and extract oil and gas on behalf of the state. Source

    İSO 500
    8th TL 138.8bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    29th TL 159.4bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    – Not among TİM’s 1,000 biggest exporters for 2025.
  9. Aselsan İSO 9 · Fortune 24 · TİM 78

    Aselsan

    Military electronics; İSO names it alongside TUSAŞ as a defence industry company. Source

    İSO 500
    9th TL 130.2bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    24th TL 180.4bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    78th $344.2m in exports

    Stock exchange: BIST: ASELS

  10. Mercedes-Benz Türk İSO 10 · Fortune – · TİM 17

    Mercedes-Benz Türk

    Motor vehicle manufacturing (NACE classification in the İSO list). Source

    İSO 500
    10th TL 127.0bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    – Not listed. Fortune says it excludes some well-known companies: those that did not provide complete data and subsidiaries included in their parent company’s results. For a manufacturer–distributor pair, it includes only the one with higher sales.
    TİM 1000
    17th $1.63bn in exports
  11. EPİAŞ (Enerji Piyasaları İşletme) İSO – · Fortune 1 · TİM –

    EPİAŞ (Enerji Piyasaları İşletme)

    Runs energy markets in Turkey; its full name means “energy markets operator”. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is a service: running energy markets.
    Fortune 500
    1st TL 1,045.1bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    – Not among TİM’s 1,000 biggest exporters for 2025.
  12. Turkish Airlines (Türk Hava Yolları) İSO – · Fortune 2 · TİM 1

    Turkish Airlines (Türk Hava Yolları)

    An airline; the company says it flies to more countries than any other airline in the world and has over 500 aircraft. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is a service: air transport.
    Fortune 500
    2nd TL 955.5bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    1st $17.78bn in exports

    Stock exchange: BIST: THYAO

  13. BİM Birleşik Mağazalar İSO – · Fortune 5 · TİM –

    BİM Birleşik Mağazalar

    A chain of shops; Fortune classifies it as a retailer. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is retail.
    Fortune 500
    5th TL 721.1bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    – Not among TİM’s 1,000 biggest exporters for 2025.

    Stock exchange: BIST: BIMAS

  14. Ahlatcı Kuyumculuk İSO – · Fortune 6 · TİM 14

    Ahlatcı Kuyumculuk

    Gold jewellery; the Ahlatcı group also has the Ahlatcı Metal gold refinery. Source

    İSO 500
    – Absent from İSO 500 and İkinci 500 (places 501–1000). Participation in the İSO survey is voluntary.
    Fortune 500
    6th TL 618.1bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    14th $1.98bn in exports
  15. Petrol Ofisi İSO – · Fortune 7 · TİM –

    Petrol Ofisi

    Distribution of fuels, engine oils and LPG. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is fuel trading.
    Fortune 500
    7th TL 613.0bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    – Not among TİM’s 1,000 biggest exporters for 2025.
  16. OPET Petrolcülük İSO – · Fortune 9 · TİM –

    OPET Petrolcülük

    Fuel distribution and a petrol station network, operating under this name since 1992. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is fuel trading.
    Fortune 500
    9th TL 457.9bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    – Not among TİM’s 1,000 biggest exporters for 2025.
  17. Migros Ticaret İSO – · Fortune 10 · TİM –

    Migros Ticaret

    A chain of shops; it describes itself as a retailer. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is retail.
    Fortune 500
    10th TL 412.8bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    – Not among TİM’s 1,000 biggest exporters for 2025.

    Stock exchange: BIST: MGROS

  18. TGS Dış Ticaret İSO – · Fortune – · TİM 4

    TGS Dış Ticaret

    Handles exports for companies that manufacture and trade in Turkey. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is trade: handling exports.
    Fortune 500
    – Not listed. Fortune says it excludes some well-known companies: those that did not provide complete data and subsidiaries included in their parent company’s results. For a manufacturer–distributor pair, it includes only the one with higher sales.
    TİM 1000
    4th $3.19bn in exports

    Stock exchange: BIST: TGSAS

  19. Arca Savunma İSO 12 · Fortune – · TİM 5

    Arca Savunma

    Ammunition and weapons systems. Source

    İSO 500
    12th TL 115.7bn in sales from industrial production
    Fortune 500
    – Not listed. Fortune says it excludes some well-known companies: those that did not provide complete data and subsidiaries included in their parent company’s results. For a manufacturer–distributor pair, it includes only the one with higher sales.
    TİM 1000
    5th $2.95bn in exports
  20. Kibar Dış Ticaret İSO – · Fortune – · TİM 6

    Kibar Dış Ticaret

    The Kibar group’s foreign trade company (since 1985); it handles exports for many Turkish firms. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is foreign trade.
    Fortune 500
    – Not listed. Fortune says it excludes some well-known companies: those that did not provide complete data and subsidiaries included in their parent company’s results. For a manufacturer–distributor pair, it includes only the one with higher sales.
    TİM 1000
    6th $2.80bn in exports
  21. Pegasus Hava Taşımacılığı İSO – · Fortune 32 · TİM 8

    Pegasus Hava Taşımacılığı

    Turkey’s first low-cost airline, according to the company; 158 destinations in 55 countries at the end of 2025. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is a service: air transport.
    Fortune 500
    32nd TL 154.1bn in net sales
    TİM 1000
    8th $2.63bn in exports

    Stock exchange: BIST: PGSUS

  22. Güneş Ekspres Havacılık İSO – · Fortune – · TİM 9

    Güneş Ekspres Havacılık

    An airline; TİM classifies it alongside THY and Pegasus. Source

    İSO 500
    – Outside İSO’s scope: the list covers industry only, while this company’s main activity is a service: air transport.
    Fortune 500
    – Not listed. Fortune says it excludes some well-known companies: those that did not provide complete data and subsidiaries included in their parent company’s results. For a manufacturer–distributor pair, it includes only the one with higher sales.
    TİM 1000
    9th $2.47bn in exports

Places and figures: İSO 500 and İkinci 500, Fortune 500 Türkiye, TİM İlk 1000, all for 2025. Company descriptions come from their websites, stock listings from KAP’s list of BIST companies; checked 16 October 2026.

Only Tüpraş and Ford Otosan are in the top ten on all three lists. EPİAŞ tops Fortune’s list but appears in neither İSO’s list nor the exporters’ list: it runs energy markets, so it is not an industrial business. The Renault, Toyota and Mercedes factories show the reverse pattern: they rank among the top industrial companies and high among exporters (Toyota 3rd, Oyak-Renault 15th, Mercedes-Benz Türk 17th), but are absent from Fortune’s list.

Sectors: how industry is shifting

İSO divides its list into ten sector groups. In 2025, vehicles took first place (19.5% of sales from industrial production), while metals and machinery, which led the year before, fell to second. Choose a group to see its share and number of companies in 2021–2025, all from a single İSO table.

İSO 500 · 10 sector groups · 2021–2025

Industry zones: who is growing, who is shrinking

Share of İSO 500 sales from industrial production (number of firms in brackets)
Group20212022202320242025
Land vehicles, ships and suppliersKara, Deniz Taşıtları ve Yan San.

Its share rose by 1.9 percentage points, moving from third to first place. İSO says this shows that “strong performance, especially in the automotive and defence industries, was clearly reflected in the İSO 500 table”.

15.4% (48)14.0% (50)17.7% (54)17.6% (52)19.5% (58)
Basic metals and machineryAna Metaller ve Makine İmalat San.

The largest sector in 2024, its share fell by 2.9 percentage points in 2025. İSO says the decisive factor was “the fall in commodity prices other than precious metals”.

26.4% (96)23.4% (96)22.5% (95)20.7% (84)17.8% (82)
FoodGıda Ürünleri Sanayii

The most companies in İSO 500 (125). İSO says the food sector “increased its share by 1 percentage point” and shares third place with chemicals (17% each).

11.8% (99)11.7% (101)13.6% (108)16.0% (120)17.0% (125)
Chemicals, plastics and rubberKimyasal Ürünler, Plastik ve Kauçuk Ürünleri San.

İSO says chemicals’ share “fell by 1.4 percentage points”; it shares third place with food.

19.9% (72)23.3% (71)19.7% (67)18.4% (62)17.0% (59)
Electrical equipment and electronicsElektrikli Teçhizat ve Elektronik Ürünler San.10.5% (50)12.6% (56)12.2% (59)12.3% (64)12.0% (62)
Mining and mineral productsMaden, Taş ve Toprak Ürünleri San.5.2% (32)6.2% (37)5.9% (39)6.3% (43)6.9% (43)
Metal productsMetal Eşya Sanayii2.3% (18)2.1% (20)2.2% (19)2.5% (19)3.9% (20)
Wood, paper, furniture and printingOrman, Kağıt Ürünleri, Mobilya ve Basım San.3.7% (26)3.3% (26)3.4% (23)3.6% (24)3.5% (22)
TextilesTekstil Ürünleri San.4.0% (46)2.7% (32)2.2% (26)2.1% (24)1.8% (22)
ClothingGiyim Eşyaları San.0.9% (13)0.7% (11)0.7% (10)0.6% (8)0.5% (7)

Source: İSO’s presentation of 17 June 2026, table “Sektörel Dağılım” (groups as defined by İSO). Ordered by share in 2025; shares are rounded, so columns do not always add up to 100%.

In İSO 500, clothing accounts for just 7 companies and 0.5% of sales from industrial production, and textiles for 22 companies and 1.8%. The company names of LC Waikiki, DeFacto and Koton contain the words Mağazacılık or Perakende, meaning retail; neither they nor Mavi appear in İSO 500 or İkinci 500. Their places on the other lists appear below, on the cards.

Brands you know: who owns them

Many Turkish brands are on sale in British shops and at British airports, often with no word on who owns them. Flip a card: the back shows the company, its listing on Borsa İstanbul and its places on the 2025 lists. An “In the UK” line appears only where the company itself says so.

Brand cards · checked 16 October 2026

Brand on the front, company on the back

  • washing machines, fridges, dishwashers

    Beko

    Who owns it?

    OwnerArçelik A.Ş.

    Stock exchange
    BIST: ARCLK
    On the 2025 lists
    İSO 500 · 6thFortune 500 · 8thTİM 1000 · 12th
    Facts
    Arçelik lists Beko among its brands; the brand operates in over 140 countries.
    In the UK
    Arçelik’s locations map lists a tumble dryer plant in Yate, an R&D office in Cambridge and four marketing companies in the UK, among them Hotpoint UK Appliances Limited.
    Arçelik’s locations

  • Home appliances and electronics

    Grundig

    Who owns it?

    OwnerArçelik A.Ş.

    Stock exchange
    BIST: ARCLK
    On the 2025 lists
    İSO 500 · 6thFortune 500 · 8thTİM 1000 · 12th
    Facts
    A brand founded in 1945; now in Arçelik’s portfolio: large and small home appliances, electronics, personal care and audio equipment.
    Arçelik’s brands

  • fridges

    Polar

    Who owns it?

    OwnerArçelik A.Ş.

    Stock exchange
    BIST: ARCLK
    On the 2025 lists
    İSO 500 · 6thFortune 500 · 8thTİM 1000 · 12th
    Facts
    The Polish brand Polar dates back to the 1950s; Arçelik describes it as a specialist in affordable fridges.
    Arçelik’s brands

  • Home appliances

    Indesit · Hotpoint

    Who owns it?

    OwnerArçelik A.Ş.

    Stock exchange
    BIST: ARCLK
    On the 2025 lists
    İSO 500 · 6thFortune 500 · 8thTİM 1000 · 12th
    Facts
    Both appear on Arçelik’s list of 22 brands without an asterisk. The company uses an asterisk for brands it uses only under a limited licence, such as Whirlpool.
    Arçelik: 22 brands

  • jeans and clothing

    Mavi

    Who owns it?

    OwnerMavi Giyim San. ve Tic. A.Ş.

    Stock exchange
    BIST: MAVI
    On the 2025 lists
    Fortune 500 · 86th
    Facts
    Founded in Istanbul in 1991; the company says it has a presence in 34 countries, with 498 Mavi shops and around 4,000 points of sale.
    Mavi: about the company

  • clothing

    Koton

    Who owns it?

    OwnerKoton Mağazacılık Tekstil San. ve Tic. A.Ş.

    Stock exchange
    BIST: KOTON
    On the 2025 lists
    Fortune 500 · 119thTİM 1000 · 383rd
    Facts
    Founded in Istanbul in 1988; the company says it has 466 shops in 34 countries and sells online to around 70 countries.
    Koton: about the company

  • clothing

    LC Waikiki

    Who owns it?

    OwnerLC Waikiki Mağazacılık Hiz. Tic. A.Ş.

    Stock exchange
    not on KAP’s list of BIST companies
    On the 2025 lists
    TİM 1000 · 222nd
    Facts
    Exports in 2025: $139.3m (TİM). Absent from Fortune 500 Türkiye’s 2025 list.
    TİM İlk 1000

  • clothing

    DeFacto

    Who owns it?

    OwnerDeFacto Perakende Ticaret A.Ş.

    Stock exchange
    not on KAP’s list of BIST companies
    On the 2025 lists
    TİM 1000 · 441st
    Facts
    Exports in 2025: $72.0m (TİM). Absent from Fortune 500 Türkiye’s 2025 list.
    TİM İlk 1000

  • airline

    Turkish Airlines

    Who owns it?

    OwnerTürk Hava Yolları A.O.

    Stock exchange
    BIST: THYAO
    On the 2025 lists
    Fortune 500 · 2ndTİM 1000 · 1st
    Facts
    The company says it flies to more countries than any other airline in the world and has over 500 aircraft.
    THY: investor relations

  • low-cost airline

    Pegasus

    Who owns it?

    OwnerPegasus Hava Taşımacılığı A.Ş.

    Stock exchange
    BIST: PGSUS
    On the 2025 lists
    Fortune 500 · 32ndTİM 1000 · 8th
    Facts
    Turkey’s first low-cost airline, according to the company; 158 destinations in 55 countries at the end of 2025.
    In the UK
    Pegasus’s UK page names flights to London Stansted or Manchester from İstanbul, İzmir, Ankara and Dalaman.
    Pegasus: flights to the UK

Code 868 or 869 on the packaging? This is a GS1 Türkiye prefix (the UK’s are 500–509), but GS1 states clearly that the prefix does not indicate a product’s country of origin. The label tells you where something was made, not the barcode.

Three lists, three measures

Where do these places come from? Three lists, each with its own criterion and scope. We do not compile our own ranking: every place comes with the list, year and measure.

İSO 500 · 2025 data

Industry

The Istanbul Chamber of Industry’s list (İstanbul Sanayi Odası), published on 17 June 2026. Measure: sales from industrial production (net) in lira. Mining, manufacturing and electricity generation only; trade, services, construction and finance are outside the survey’s scope, and participation is voluntary. Places 501–1000 form a separate list, İkinci 500.

The whole list: TL 11,118 billion, up 28%, or 2.1% in real terms with average producer price inflation of 25.4%. İSO says inflation accounting was not applied in 2025.

Fortune 500 Türkiye · 2025 list

Net sales

Fortune Türkiye magazine’s list, prepared with CRIF Türkiye; results were published on 11 October 2026. Measure: net sales in lira for 2025. It excludes financial institutions and holding companies but includes trade, services and energy.

The whole list: TL 22,596 billion, up 29.9%. Fortune notes that differing inflation accounting rules make it impossible to calculate a single real or nominal growth rate for the whole list.

TİM İlk 1000 · 2025 exports

Exports

The Turkish Exporters Assembly’s list (Türkiye İhracatçılar Meclisi). Measure: exports in US dollars. The top thousand includes 935 goods exporters and 65 services exporters, among them Turkish Airlines.

Goods exporters on this list accounted for $142.35 billion, or 52.1% of Turkey’s goods exports ($273.25 billion); services exporters accounted for 32.5% of services exports.

Figures from different lists measure different things, so we do not compare them: each comes with the list and measure. Lira amounts stay in lira; we don’t convert them to pounds.

Industry: the İSO 500 top ten

Turkey’s largest industrial company is Tüpraş: TL 698.8 billion in sales from industrial production in 2025. The top ten on İSO’s list includes two refineries, four vehicle factories, a home appliance maker, the state oil company TPAO and two defence companies. İSO points out that two defence companies are among the leaders for the first time in the list’s history: TUSAŞ in 7th place and Aselsan in 9th.

PlaceCompanySales from industrial production 2025Place in 2024
1.TüpraşTL 698.8bn1.
2.Ford Otosan (Ford Otomotiv Sanayi)TL 538.3bn2.
3.STAR RafineriTL 327.9bn3.
4.Oyak-RenaultTL 235.5bn6.
5.Toyota Otomotiv Sanayi TürkiyeTL 206.3bn4.
6.ArçelikTL 165.7bn7.
7.TUSAŞ (Türk Havacılık ve Uzay Sanayii)TL 140.9bn11.
8.TPAO (Türkiye Petrolleri)TL 138.8bn16.
9.AselsanTL 130.2bn17.
10.Mercedes-Benz TürkTL 127.0bn12.
İSO 500 for 2025, measure: sales from industrial production (net) in lira; published on 17 June 2026.
Illustration: a coastal refinery with distillation columns, a flare, white storage tanks and a tanker at the quay; three workers in hard hats in the foreground
Illustration: refineries lead the industry list.

What the whole list shows

Sales from industrial production at the 500 companies rose by 28% in 2025 to TL 11,118 billion. After producer price inflation (25.4% on average), this is real growth of 2.1%, following three years of real decline (2022–2024). According to İSO, the top ten accounts for around a quarter of the whole list’s sales.

Exports by İSO 500 companies rose by 8.4% to $104.7 billion. A record 91 of them are listed on the stock exchange.

Illustration: an assembly hall with a line of white and navy cars and vans, orange welding robots in the background, a mechanic fitting a wheel, and car transporters carrying new cars beyond the gate
Illustration: a car assembly line.

Four factories for global brands

Four of the ten largest industrial companies are factories making vehicles for foreign brands. According to the company, Ford Otosan is owned by Ford Motor Company (41%) and Koç Holding (41%), with 18% of shares in free float. Oyak-Renault has manufactured in Bursa since 1969, while Toyota assembles the Corolla and Toyota C-HR in Arifiye, Sakarya province. The fourth is Mercedes-Benz Türk.

These factories also rank high among exporters (TİM: Ford 2nd, Toyota 3rd, Oyak-Renault 15th, Mercedes-Benz Türk 17th).

Sales: the Fortune 500 Türkiye leaders

EPİAŞ tops Fortune’s list for 2025 (TL 1,045.1 billion in net sales), ahead of Turkish Airlines (TL 955.5 billion), Ford Otosan and Tüpraş. The top ten includes two retail chains (BİM 5th, Migros 10th), two fuel distributors (Petrol Ofisi 7th, OPET 9th) and the gold jeweller Ahlatcı Kuyumculuk (6th). Fortune says this is the first major change in the top three for a long time.

The Fortune 500 Türkiye top ten for 2025

  1. 1EPİAŞ (Enerji Piyasaları İşletme)TL 1,045.1bn
  2. 2Turkish Airlines (Türk Hava Yolları)TL 955.5bn
  3. 3Ford Otosan (Ford Otomotiv Sanayi)TL 830.8bn
  4. 4TüpraşTL 830.4bn
  5. 5BİM Birleşik MağazalarTL 721.1bn
  6. 6Ahlatcı KuyumculukTL 618.1bn
  7. 7Petrol OfisiTL 613.0bn
  8. 8ArçelikTL 523.9bn
  9. 9OPET PetrolcülükTL 457.9bn
  10. 10Migros TicaretTL 412.8bn

Measure: net sales in 2025, in lira. Further down are STAR Rafineri in 14th place, the ŞOK chain in 15th, Turkcell in 19th and Aselsan in 24th.

What this list leaves out

  • Banks, insurers and holding companies: Fortune excludes financial institutions and holding companies.
  • Some well-known companies: Fortune says those that did not provide complete data are absent.
  • Subsidiaries: when a company is consolidated with its parent, only the parent appears on the list.
  • One of a manufacturer–distributor pair: the list includes the one with higher sales to avoid counting the same sales twice.

Rules from the list’s description; total sales of the 500 companies: TL 22,596 billion (+29.9%, Fortune).

Exports: the TİM top ten

Turkey’s biggest exporter in 2025 was Turkish Airlines: $17.78 billion according to TİM’s list, which counts it among services exporters. Ford Otosan is second ($11.35 billion), Toyota third. The top ten includes three airlines and two refineries.

  1. 1Turkish Airlines (Türk Hava Yolları)$17.78bn
  2. 2Ford Otosan (Ford Otomotiv Sanayi)$11.35bn
  3. 3Toyota Otomotiv Sanayi Türkiye$3.91bn
  4. 4TGS Dış Ticaret$3.19bn
  5. 5Arca Savunma$2.95bn
  6. 6Kibar Dış Ticaret$2.80bn
  7. 7Tüpraş$2.71bn
  8. 8Pegasus Hava Taşımacılığı$2.63bn
  9. 9Güneş Ekspres Havacılık$2.47bn
  10. 10STAR Rafineri$2.29bn

TİM İlk 1000, exports in 2025, in US dollars; bar lengths relative to first place.

Illustration: a wide-body aircraft in white with a pale blue stripe and no airline markings at a terminal jet bridge; alongside are a fuel tanker, baggage carts and ground crew in high-visibility vests, with the silhouette of a mosque in the background
Illustration: an aircraft in a fictional livery, with no airline markings.

Two intermediaries among the leaders

TGS Dış Ticaret (4th) and Kibar Dış Ticaret (6th) do not manufacture what they export. TGS says it handles exports for companies that manufacture and trade in Turkey, while Kibar Dış Ticaret is the Kibar group’s foreign trade company, handling exports for many Turkish firms. Of the 736 companies in the top thousand that answered TİM’s survey, 33 are specialist foreign trade companies of this kind.

The ammunition maker Arca Savunma made the biggest leap: from 38th to 5th place, with exports up 392.1%. In 2025, 25 companies exported more than $1 billion each.

The UK and Turkey: trade in numbers

According to the ONS, the UK imported £13.5 billion of goods from Turkey in 2025, 2.2% of all its goods imports. That made Turkey the 13th-largest supplier among single countries, and the value was 1.1% lower than in 2024. The figures are in current prices and seasonally adjusted.

Illustration: a container port with gantry cranes over a container ship, colourful containers in the yard, container lorries and, on the right, a car carrier with an open ramp, with cars driving down to a parking area
Illustration: containers and cars in a port.

Turkish firms with sites in the UK

Arçelik says the most about its presence here. Its locations map lists one production plant in the UK, Beko Europe’s tumble dryer plant in Yate, plus a Beko PLC R&D office in Cambridge and four marketing companies: Beko PLC, Hotpoint UK Appliances Limited, General Domestic Appliances Ltd. and Indesit Company UK Ltd.

Among airlines, Pegasus names flights to London Stansted or Manchester from İstanbul, İzmir, Ankara and Dalaman on its UK page. Setting up a company in Turkey is a separate topic that we don’t cover here.

Quick answers

What is Turkey’s biggest company?

It depends on the measure. In industry (İSO 500, 2025), Tüpraş, with TL 698.8 billion in sales from industrial production. By net sales (Fortune 500 Türkiye 2025), EPİAŞ, with TL 1,045.1 billion. In exports (TİM 2025), Turkish Airlines, with $17.78 billion.

Is Beko a Turkish brand?

Beko belongs to Arçelik A.Ş. of Istanbul, listed on the stock exchange as ARCLK. The same company owns Grundig and the Polish brand Polar, and its website lists a plant in Yate and an R&D office in Cambridge in the UK.

Does barcode 869 mean a product is from Turkey?

No. Prefixes 868 and 869 belong to GS1 Türkiye, but GS1 notes that the prefix does not indicate a product’s country of origin. The label gives the country of manufacture.

Which of these companies are listed on the Istanbul stock exchange?

KAP’s list of BIST companies includes Tüpraş (TUPRS), Ford Otosan (FROTO), Arçelik (ARCLK), Aselsan (ASELS), Turkish Airlines (THYAO), BİM (BIMAS), Migros (MGROS), Pegasus (PGSUS), TGS Dış Ticaret (TGSAS), Mavi (MAVI) and Koton (KOTON). OPET appears in KAP only on the market for qualified investors, so we do not give a share ticker.

How much does the UK buy from Turkey?

In 2025, £13.5 billion of goods, 2.2% of UK goods imports; Turkey was the 13th-largest supplier among single countries (ONS).

Which Turkish clothing brands are the biggest?

We do not compile our own ranking. On Fortune 500 Türkiye’s 2025 list, Mavi is 86th and Koton 119th. In exports (TİM 2025), LC Waikiki is 222nd, Koton 383rd and DeFacto 441st.

Sources and limitations

We do not compile our own ranking. Every place and figure comes from a single list and relates to 2025; we do not compare amounts across lists, and we don’t convert lira to pounds. Company descriptions come from their websites, stock listings from KAP’s list of BIST companies. We checked everything on 16 October 2026. For LC Waikiki, DeFacto and Güneş Ekspres, we give only what the lists say because their websites could not be read.

Show the pages checked
  1. Turkey’s 500 Largest Industrial Companies 2025 — İSO, checked 16 October 2026
  2. Turkey’s Second 500 Largest Industrial Companies 2025 — İSO, checked 16 October 2026
  3. Presentation and speech, 17 June 2026 (sector table, top ten) — İSO, checked 16 October 2026
  4. Questions and answers: survey scope, voluntary participation — İSO, checked 16 October 2026
  5. Fortune 500 Türkiye 2025: list and rules — Fortune Türkiye, checked 16 October 2026
  6. Fortune 500 giants continued to grow in a difficult year (11 October 2026) — Fortune Türkiye, checked 16 October 2026
  7. Fortune 500 Türkiye list, 19th edition (11 October 2026) — Fortune Türkiye, checked 16 October 2026
  8. Turkey’s Top 1000 Exporters 2025 (PDF) — TİM, checked 16 October 2026
  9. List of BIST companies — KAP, checked 16 October 2026
  10. OPET: instruments market — KAP, checked 16 October 2026
  11. Trade in goods: all countries, seasonally adjusted (15 October 2026) — ONS, checked 16 October 2026
  12. GS1 Company Prefix — GS1, checked 16 October 2026
  13. Homepage — Tüpraş, checked 16 October 2026
  14. Ford Otosan at a glance — Ford Otosan, checked 16 October 2026
  15. STAR Refinery at a glance — STAR Rafineri, checked 16 October 2026
  16. Homepage — Oyak-Renault, checked 16 October 2026
  17. Our company — Toyota Otomotiv Sanayi Türkiye, checked 16 October 2026
  18. General information — Arçelik, checked 16 October 2026
  19. Brands — Arçelik, checked 16 October 2026
  20. Locations — Arçelik, checked 16 October 2026
  21. About us — TUSAŞ, checked 16 October 2026
  22. Homepage — TPAO, checked 16 October 2026
  23. Homepage — EPİAŞ, checked 16 October 2026
  24. Investor relations — Turkish Airlines, checked 16 October 2026
  25. Homepage — BİM, checked 16 October 2026
  26. Homepage — Ahlatcı Holding, checked 16 October 2026
  27. About us — Petrol Ofisi, checked 16 October 2026
  28. Get to know OPET — OPET, checked 16 October 2026
  29. Our strategies — Migros, checked 16 October 2026
  30. Benefits — TGS Dış Ticaret, checked 16 October 2026
  31. Homepage — Arca Savunma, checked 16 October 2026
  32. Kibar Dış Ticaret — Kibar Holding, checked 16 October 2026
  33. Pegasus: past and present — Pegasus, checked 16 October 2026
  34. Flights to the United Kingdom — Pegasus, checked 16 October 2026
  35. Global network — Mavi, checked 16 October 2026
  36. About us — Mavi, checked 16 October 2026
  37. General information — Koton, checked 16 October 2026

The illustrations are for reference only: they do not depict any particular company, brand, logo or aircraft livery.

Article Information

Written by: Hatice Kulali
Published: October 12, 2023
Category: Famous Turkish companies

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