Sultan Abdulaziz is considered one of the most important sultans of the late Ottoman Empire, as he was the first Sultan to travel on a diplomatic visit to Europe and Egypt. The life of Sultan Abdul Aziz I ended tragically after he was found murdered in the Ciragan Palace, which sparked widespread controversy that continued…
Enderun Ottoman School in Ottoman language “Enderûn Mektebi” is one of the pillars of the education system in the Ottoman Empire, as it mainly contributed to the establishment of a strict educational system for the graduation of senior men and state employees. Enderun Ottoman School was called the Palace School during the imperial era, and the…
The Ottoman economy witnessed a lot of changes and modernisation during the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II. The Sultan’s economic policy, which focused on economic development, increased agricultural production, and reduced military expenditures, led to an improvement in the empire’s economy and finances. About Ottoman Economy during Sultan Abdul Hamid II regin Sultan Sultan…
The Tughra is one of the important fonts in which an inscription is written at the top of the Ottoman Sultan’s letters, some in gold, some in beautiful bright colors, and they are written at the top of the books above the basmalah with a thick pen, and its content is the name of the…
Ottoman Palestine lived for a long period of nearly 400 years under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, where Palestine witnessed harmony and relative peace for a long time. Palestine entered under Ottoman rule in 1516, and continued until World War I, and witnessed great interest from the Ottoman sultans. About Ottoman Palestine Palestine, under…
Sultan Mahmud II is one of the most important reformist sultans of the Ottoman Empire, whose reign witnessed many important decisions that changed the shape of the empire. The era of Sultan Mahmud witnessed the Ottoman Empire’s loss of Greece and Algeria, in addition to the rebellion of the ruler Muhammad Ali Pasha. The lineage…
Sultan Abdul Majid I, is considered an important sultan of the late Ottoman Empire period who tried to introduce modifications to the empire’s body. The reign of the Sultan was marked by the rise of nationalist movements, in addition to attempts to ally with Western European powers and implementing organizational reforms. The lineage and family…
Sultan Murad V is considered one of the most controversial sultans in the Ottoman Empire, as he is the only sultana who joined the Masonic Society. Sultan Murad V took power for a short period, and was isolated due to his suffering from a nervous breakdown after the killing of his uncle, Sultan Abdul Aziz….
Sultan Mehmed V “Sultan Rashad“, was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire and the Caliphate during the First World War, where he assumed power after the Young Turks Association coup against Sultan Abdul Hamid II. Sultan Rashad assumed power for only 8 years, and the years of his rule were marked by many important events,…
The Turkish flag is the official flag of the Turkish Republic and represents an important symbol of national unity, consisting of the color red with a star and crescent in the center. The Turkish flag is referred to as Albayrak (the red flag) and also referred to as Alsancak (the banner) in the İstiklal Marşı “Turkish…